-
1 размножение чертежей
Русско-английский технический словарь > размножение чертежей
-
2 размножение чертежей
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > размножение чертежей
-
3 размножение чертежей
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > размножение чертежей
-
4 витамин размножения
-
5 бесполое размножение
-
6 девственное размножение
-
7 циклическое размножение
-
8 бесполое размножение
Русско-английский медицинский словарь > бесполое размножение
-
9 вегетативное размножение
Русско-английский медицинский словарь > вегетативное размножение
-
10 размножение чертежей
Engineering: duplication of drawings, reproduction of drawingsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > размножение чертежей
-
11 размножение
( документов) duplicating, duplication, growth, multiplication, replication, (ошибок, отказов) propagation* * *размноже́ние с.
propagation, multiplication, breedingразмноже́ние докуме́нтов — copying, copy-making, duplicationразмноже́ние нейтро́нов — neutron multiplicationразмноже́ние чертеже́й — reproduction of drawingsразмноже́ние я́дерного горю́чего — (fuel) breedingразмноже́ние я́дерного горю́чего на бы́стрых нейтро́нах — fast breedingразмноже́ние я́дерного горю́чего на мгнове́нных нейтро́нах — prompt breedingразмноже́ние я́дерного горю́чего на ме́дленных нейтро́нах — thermal breeding* * * -
12 размножение
с. propagation, multiplication, breeding -
13 Henson, William Samuel
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 3 May 1812 Nottingham, Englandd. 22 March 1888 New Jersey, USA[br]English (naturalized American) inventor who patented a design for an "aerial steam carriage" and combined with John Stringfellow to build model aeroplanes.[br]William Henson worked in the lacemaking industry and in his spare time invented many mechanical devices, from a breech-loading cannon to an ice-machine. It could be claimed that he invented the airliner, for in 1842 he prepared a patent (granted in 1843) for an "aerial steam carriage". The patent application was not just a vague outline, but contained detailed drawings of a large monoplane with an enclosed fuselage to accommodate the passengers and crew. It was to be powered by a steam engine driving two pusher propellers aft of the wing. Henson had followed the lead give by Sir George Cayley in his basic layout, but produced a very much more advanced structural design with cambered wings strengthened by streamlined bracing wires: the intended wing-span was 150 ft (46 m). Henson probably discussed the design of the steam engine and boiler with his friend John Stringfellow (who was also in the lacemaking industry). Stringfellow joined Henson and others to found the Aerial Transit Company, which was set up to raise the finance needed to build Henson's machine. A great publicity campaign was mounted with artists' impressions of the "aerial steam carriage" flying over London, India and even the pyramids. Passenger-carrying services to India and China were proposed, but the whole project was far too optimistic to attract support from financiers and the scheme foundered. Henson and Stringfellow drew up an agreement in December 1843 to construct models which would prove the feasibility of an "aerial machine". For the next five years they pursued this aim, with no real success. In 1848 Henson and his wife emigrated to the United States to further his career in textiles. He became an American citizen and died there at the age of 75.[br]BibliographyHenson's diary is preserved by the Institute of Aeronautical Sciences in the USA. Henson's patent of 1842–3 is reproduced in Balantyne and Pritchard (1956) and Davy (1931) (see below).Further ReadingH.Penrose, 1988, An Ancient Air: A Biography of John Stringfellow, Shrewsbury.A.M.Balantyne and J.L.Pritchard, 1956, "The lives and work of William Samuel Henson and John Stringfellow", Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (June) (an attempt to analyse conflicting evidence; includes a reproduction of Henson's patent).M.J.B.Davy, 1931, Henson and Stringfellow, London (an earlier work with excellent drawings from Henson's patent).JDS -
14 Herschel, John Frederick William
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 7 March 1792 Slough, Englandd. 11 May 1871 Collingwood, England[br]English scientist who introduced "hypo" (thiosulphate) as a photographic fixative and discovered the blueprint process.[br]The only son of Sir William Herschel, the famous astronomer, John graduated from Cambridge in 1813 and went on to become a distinguished astronomer, mathematician and chemist. He left England in November 1833 to set up an observatory near Cape Town, South Africa, where he embarked on a study of the heavens in the southern hemisphere. He returned to England in the spring of 1838, and between 1850 and 1855 Herschel served as Master of the Royal Mint. He made several notable contributions to photography, perhaps the most important being his discovery in 1819 that hyposulphites (thiosulphates) would dissolve silver salts. He brought this property to the attention of W.H.F. Talbot, who in 1839 was using a common salt solution as a fixing agent for his early photographs. After trials, Talbot adopted "hypo", which was a far more effective fixative. It was soon adopted by other photographers and eventually became the standard photographic fixative, as it still is in the 1990s. After hearing of the first photographic process in January 1839, Herschel devised his own process within a week. In September 1839 he made the first photograph on glass. He is credited with introducing the words "positive", "negative" and "snapshot" to photography, and in 1842 he invented the cyanotype or "blueprint" process. This process was later to be widely adopted by engineers and architects for the reproduction of plans and technical drawings, a practice abandoned only in the late twentieth century.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnight of the Royal Hanoverian Guelphic Order 1831. Baronet 1838. FRS 1813. Copley Medal 1821.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, 1968, Vol. IX, pp. 714–19.H.J.P.Arnold, 1977, William Henry Fox Talbot, London; Larry J.Schaaf, 1992, Out of the Shadows: Herschel, Talbot and the Invention of Photography, Newhaven and London (for details of his contributions to photography and his relationship with Talbot).JWBiographical history of technology > Herschel, John Frederick William
См. также в других словарях:
Plans (drawings) — Plans are a set of two dimensional diagrams or drawings used to describe a place or object, or to communicate building or fabrication instructions. Usually plans are drawn or printed on paper, but they can take the form of a digital file. Plans… … Wikipedia
Engelbert Kaempfer — (September 16, 1651 ndash; November 2, 1716) was a German naturalist, traveller and physician.Early lifeHe was born at Lemgo in the principality of Lippe, Westphalia, where his father was a pastor. He studied at Hameln, Lüneburg, Hamburg, Lübeck… … Wikipedia
Leakey, Mary Douglas — ▪ 1997 British born archaeologist and paleoanthropologist (b. Feb. 6, 1913, London, Eng. d. Dec. 9, 1996, Nairobi, Kenya), made a number of significant finds of prehuman fossils in East Africa, discoveries that helped to supplant the… … Universalium
caricature and cartoon — ▪ graphic arts Introduction in graphic art, comically distorted drawing or likeness, done with the purpose of satirizing or ridiculing its subject. Cartoons are used today primarily for conveying political commentary and editorial opinion… … Universalium
printmaking — /print may king/, n. the art or technique of making prints, esp. as practiced in engraving, etching, drypoint, woodcut or serigraphy. [1925 30; PRINT + MAKING] * * * Art form consisting of the production of images, usually on paper but… … Universalium
motion-picture technology — Introduction the means for the production and showing of motion pictures. It includes not only the motion picture camera and projector but also such technologies as those involved in recording sound, in editing both picture and sound, in… … Universalium
Art, Antiques, and Collections — ▪ 2003 Introduction In 2002 major exhibitions such as Documenta 11 reflected the diverse nature of contemporary art: artists from a variety of cultures received widespread recognition for work ranging from installation to video to painting … Universalium
Microform — For other uses, see Microform (disambiguation). Digital scanning of microfilm (see Digital conversion below). Microforms are any forms, either films or paper, containing microreproductions[1] of documents for transmission, storage, reading, and… … Wikipedia
Embryo drawing — refers to any representation of the illustration of embryos in their developmental sequence. In plants and animals, an embryo develops from a zygote, the single cell that results when an egg and sperm fuse during fertilization. In animals, the… … Wikipedia
photography, history of — Introduction method of recording the image of an object through the action of light, or related radiation, on a light sensitive material. The word, derived from the Greek photos (“light”) and graphein (“to draw”), was first used in the… … Universalium
map — mappable, adj. mapper, n. /map/, n., v., mapped, mapping. n. 1. a representation, usually on a flat surface, as of the features of an area of the earth or a portion of the heavens, showing them in their respective forms, sizes, and relationships… … Universalium
